Mechanical and dimensional measurement has undergone a remarkable evolution thanks to technological advances, playing a crucial role in various industrial and scientific sectors. Today's challenges focus on the accuracy, reliability and versatility of measuring instruments, as well as their ability to operate in a variety of environmental conditions while minimizing external disturbances. Techniques such as optical and photonic metrology enable non-contact measurements with unprecedented precision, while metrology using imaging and microscopy explores structures on the nanometric scale. At the same time, vibration and sound analysis, three-dimensional object characterization and surface condition assessment have become essential elements in product design, industrial maintenance and scientific research, with constant advances aimed at improving the sensitivity of sensors and the precision of analysis methods.