Quizzed article | REF: SE1605 V3

Industrial Toxicology

Author: Alain LOMBARD

Publication date: May 10, 2021, Review date: May 31, 2021 | Lire en français

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    6. Sensitization. Allergy

    Sensitization occurs following repeated contact, even at low doses, and after a more or less long latency period. It is triggered by further contact with the substance, even at very low concentration.

    6.1 Two main forms of awareness-raising

    Type IV contact allergy manifests as contact eczema and dermatitis, mediated by T lymphocytes derived from the thymus. The effect is characterized by irritation (redness) and intracellular edema of varying intensity at the site of contact of the substance with the skin.

    Type I humoral allergy manifests as rhinitis, sneezing, asthma or angioedema, and pulmonary edema in its severe form. The immune mediators are IgM and IgG immunoglobulins, secreted into circulating blood by B lymphocytes located...

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