Français
1. LEDs and lighting: economic and energy context
From an energy point of view, according to the latest United Nations estimates, lighting consumes over 2,940 TWh of electrical energy per year. This represents approximately 15% of global electricity production, and an annual bill of over 200 billion euros for consumers. The production of electrical energy to satisfy human lighting needs inevitably leads to environmental pollution. Thus, it is estimated that every year, some 1,900 million metric tons of CO 2 accompany this energy production, contributing to the greenhouse effect.
The growth of the LED industry was initially generated by backlighting applications for small, portable displays, and was driven forward by the emergence of large LCD screens. Since 2012, most LED companies have begun to penetrate the ultimate application domain: general lighting. This is partly...
The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
This article is included in
Optics and photonics
This offer includes:
Knowledge Base
Updated and enriched with articles validated by our scientific committees
Services
A set of exclusive tools to complement the resources
Practical Path
Operational and didactic, to guarantee the acquisition of transversal skills
Doc & Quiz
Interactive articles with quizzes, for constructive reading
LEDs and lighting: economic and energy context
LED lighting system components
Bibliography
Bibliography
Standards and norms
Definitions and characteristics
- General lighting – Light-emitting diode (LED) products and related equipment – Terms and definitions – Modified by NF EN 62504/A1 (May 2018) - NF EN 62504 - 12-14
- Light and lighting – Measurement and presentation of photometric data for lamps and luminaires – Part 4: LED lamps, modules and luminaires - NF EN 13032-4 + A1 - 06-19
Safety requirements...
Regulations
Decree of December 27, 2018 on the prevention, reduction and limitation of light pollution.
Décret n° 2011-831 du 12 juillet 2011 relatif à la prévention et à la limitation des nuisances lumineuses : Version consolidée au 5 août 2019.
Patents
LED Filaments : HAKATA (K.), MATSUOKA (T.), "Light-emitting device and lighting apparatus incorporating same", US patent n° 2009184618 assigned to Ushio Denki KK, published 23 Jul. 2009
Directory
Manufacturers – Suppliers – Distributors (non-exhaustive list)
Key industrial players in the LED market:
...
The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
