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1. Metal processing industry
Thermal-electric equipment continues to be widely used in industry; the expected consumption of equipment orders in industry in 2005 is around 700 GWh, for new installations, extensions and power increases, and 50 GWh for the reinforcement and conversion of old equipment.
1.1 Metal melting
The production of liquid metals and alloys for casting in sand or metal molds involves three operations:
melting itself. It is often necessary to overheat alloys above melting temperature to compensate for temperature losses during alloying operations, and to maintain a sufficient temperature margin to cast the metal or alloy at the right temperature (casting temperature accuracy is an essential...
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Metal processing industry
Ceramic industry
Bibliography
Heating element suppliers
ACIM JOUANIN S.A. [email protected]
CERHEC [email protected]
KANTHAL http://www.kanthal.com
RESCAL http://www.rescal.com
...Regulations
The Union technique de l'électricité (UTE) provides readers with collections of French, foreign and international standards, as well as reproductions of regulatory texts: both can also be purchased from the Association française de normalisation (AFNOR). In each country, the national standardization service can provide the same services.
Texts
- Textes officiels relatifs aux conditions techniques...
Standardization
- Installations électriques à haute tension : Règles - NF C 13-200 - 12-89
- High-voltage electrical installations – practical guide – determining conductor cross-sections and selecting protective devices - NF C 13-205 - 7-94
- Installations de branchement à basse tension : Règles - NF C 14-100 - 2-98
- Installations électriques à basse tension : Règles - NF C 15-100 - 12-02
- Installations électriques...
Electrical heating equipment market
2005 was marked by a sharp drop in the power ordered for thermal equipment, surpassing the increases of the previous two years: +6% between 2002 and 2003, +3% between 2003 and 2004, compared with -24% between 2004 and 2005.
Natural gas, which had grown significantly last year, with a 13-point gain in market share between 2004 and 2005, suffered the sharpest decline: -35% between...
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