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2. Background to restrictive measures
2.1 The 20th century paradigm: prevention and eco-design
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1975: the first pollution prevention rules
Directive 75/442 of July 15, 1975 on waste in general is the first building block in the edifice built by Europe to provide a framework for waste management in the Member States in order to :
protect human health and the environment;
avoid barriers to trade within the European Union's single market (i.e. prevent a country from refusing to import into its territory a product that does not comply with the environmental rules it has chosen);
have polluters finance the costs of environmental protection.
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Background to restrictive measures
Plastics ban
Bibliography
- (1) - Rapport collectif interministériel - Quel potentiel 3R d'ici 2025 ? Réduction, Réemploi, Recyclage pour les emballages en plastique - (2020) http://www.ecologie.gouv.fr Le référentiel légal des mesures antiplastique, la situation des filières de...
Guides
Environmental claims on product packaging; CNE opinions and recommendations
Conseil National de l'Emballage, (2021)
Technical guide: eco-design of self-adhesive labels
Publisher: UNFEA UNION NATIONALE DES FABRICANTS D'ÉTIQUETTES ADHÉSIVES, (2020)
In collaboration with Citeo
Written by François Charlet,...
Standards and norms
Tentative list :
Standards for industrial composting :
- Packaging – Requirements for packaging recoverable by composting and biodegradation – Test program and evaluation criteria for final acceptance of packaging (corrected version) (AFNOR classification index: H60-140) - NF EN 13432 - 11-00
- Compostable Product Test – Composting - ASTM D64000 - 2004
...
Regulations
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European Commission guidelines of May 31, 2021
"Commission guidelines on single-use plastic products in accordance with Directive 2019/904 of 5 June 2019 on the reduction of the impact of certain plastic products on the environment" (55 pages).
This document gives numerous examples of how the regulations banning certain single-use plastic products have...
Patents
Numerous patents have been filed for bottle corks and plastic water bottles.
All French, European and international patents on : https://www.inpi.fr/fr/base-brevets
Directory
Organizations – Federations – Associations (non-exhaustive list)
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European Union website
all European laws (directives and regulations) in the "Consolidated texts" section > Search in "Consolidated texts".
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