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8. Rechargeable electric hybrids
8.1 Principle
For hybrid combustion-electric vehicles currently on the market, the battery that supplies the electric motor with electricity is recharged by the combustion engine when running, or by harnessing the vehicle's kinetic energy (Start & Go technology). To achieve a higher level of electricity utilization, an additional option is to be able to recharge the battery by connecting it to the domestic electricity grid or to specially designed public charging stations.
This concept only makes sense if the size (in terms of energy) of the battery is sufficient to cover at least 20 km, which corresponds to the minimum daily commute.
Figure 37...
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Rechargeable electric hybrids
Environmental, energy and economic considerations
Bibliography
Bibliography
- (1) - BEDEUR (M.) - Histoire de l'usine Pieper-Impéria, - http://www.automag.be/Librairie-Automagautomobile .
- (2) - BERETTA (J.) -...
Websites
PSA Peugeot Citroën https://www.stellantis.com/fr
Renault http://www.renault.com
Toyota http://www.toyota.co.jp
Events
Electric Vehicle Symposium (EVS) Worldwide event on electric, hybrid and fuel cell vehicles, held every year in Asia, North America and Europe.
EEVConventions The European Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (EEVC) Congress is now recognised as premier global platform in the field of eMobility. https://www.eevc.eu/
...Norms and standards
- Regulation on CO2 emission/fuel consumption. - UNECE R101 -
- Regulation on emissions of M1 and N1 categories of vehicles. - UNECE R83 -
- Règlement européen Euro 5 et Euro 6 au regard des émissions des véhicules particuliers et utilitaires légers et aux informations sur la réparation et l'entretien de ces véhicules. - 715/EC - 2007
- Directive européenne du 18 juillet 2008 sur l'implémentation du...
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