6. Complex or power-shunt hybrids
6.1 Principle
A complex or power-bypass hybrid is equipped with at least two electrical machines that are essential to its operation. The power delivered by the combustion engine follows two distinct paths: one mechanical, the other electrical. The use of electrical machines limits the efficiency of the transmission in certain circumstances, particularly during phases requiring maximum engine power. As with the parallel hybrid, this architecture offers the option of 100% electric operation.
The electrical path runs through an electrical machine operating as a generator. The mechanical path runs through an electrical machine operating as a motor.
Depending on the connecting components installed, the two electrical machines can also...
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Complex or power-shunt hybrids
Bibliography
Bibliography
- (1) - BEDEUR (M.) - Histoire de l'usine Pieper-Impéria, - http://www.automag.be/Librairie-Automagautomobile .
- (2) - BERETTA (J.) -...
Websites
PSA Peugeot Citroën https://www.stellantis.com/fr
Renault http://www.renault.com
Toyota http://www.toyota.co.jp
Events
Electric Vehicle Symposium (EVS) Worldwide event on electric, hybrid and fuel cell vehicles, held every year in Asia, North America and Europe.
EEVConventions The European Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (EEVC) Congress is now recognised as premier global platform in the field of eMobility. https://www.eevc.eu/
...Norms and standards
- Regulation on CO2 emission/fuel consumption. - UNECE R101 -
- Regulation on emissions of M1 and N1 categories of vehicles. - UNECE R83 -
- Règlement européen Euro 5 et Euro 6 au regard des émissions des véhicules particuliers et utilitaires légers et aux informations sur la réparation et l'entretien de ces véhicules. - 715/EC - 2007
- Directive européenne du 18 juillet 2008 sur l'implémentation du...
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