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ABSTRACT
Mobility is evolving both technologically and socially. We are witnessing a rapid shift to electric mobility, mainly today, with battery. A lack of autonomy and charge time too long are often cited as the main obstacles to the development of electric vehicles. Fuel cell vehicles with hydrogen storage in compressed form at 350 or 700 bars can travel more than 500 km, in a single charge lasting 3 to 5 minutes, they appear more than ever as a credible alternative to current vehicles. This article discusses fuel cell technology applied to land transportation by analyzing technological, environmental, economic, and political aspects.
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Joseph BERETTA: Honorary Chairman Avere-France - Chairman Automobile Technology & Mobility Expertise (AT&ME)
INTRODUCTION
The hydrogen-powered electric vehicle is first and foremost an electric vehicle, operating with an electric drive train identical to that used in the battery-powered electric vehicles already in widespread use. There is no reason to oppose the battery electric vehicle and the hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle. The only difference is the way energy is stored and delivered to the electric motor. In a battery-powered vehicle, energy and power come from the battery. In a fuel cell vehicle (FCV), energy is stored in the form of hydrogen in a tank, and power is defined by the size of the fuel cell that generates the electrical energy for the motor.
For a general overview of fuel cells, please refer to the articles Hydrogen fuel – Production
The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
KEYWORDS
hydrogen storage | fuell cells | electric vehicle | land transportation
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Fuel cells applied to electric mobility
The basics
Bibliography
Standards and norms
- Hydrogen fuel – Product specification – Part 2: Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell applications for road vehicles. - ISO/TS 14687-2 - 2012
- Hydrogen gas and hydrogen gas mixtures – Fuel tanks for land vehicles. - ISO/TS 15869 - 2009
- Considérations fondamentales pour la sécurité des systèmes à l'hydrogène. - ISO/TR 15916 - 2004
- Transportable gas storage devices – Hydrogen absorbed in a reversible...
Regulations
In addition to the traditional type-approval rules for combustion-powered vehicles and the rules relating to the electrification of the propulsion system, fuel cell vehicles are subject to specific European regulations, such as EC 79/2009 and its implementing directive 406/2010. These two regulations require proof of the hydrogen system's operational safety. They also require "type-approval" for the most sensitive components...
Directory
Manufacturers – Suppliers – Distributors (non-exhaustive list)
Ballard (Canada)
Fuel Cells 2000
Plug Power Company
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