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1. Parameters influencing concrete composition and surface appearance
This section presents the physicochemical mechanisms behind the intrinsic variability of concrete surface composition. First, we summarize the fundamental principles of cement hydration. Secondly, we describe some of the parameters related to concrete processing that have an impact on its surface composition. Finally, we present an innovative surface coloring method, giving this article its first example of concrete surface functionalization.
1.1 Cement hydration and concrete skin description
The surface composition of concrete elements differs from their volume composition; on the surface, the presence of hydrated cement paste is very significant, whereas aggregates (sand, pebbles) are present at greater depths. In fact, contact with the molds/coffinings produces...
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Parameters influencing concrete composition and surface appearance
Superhydrophobicity, superhydrophilicity and water permeability
Bibliography
Patents
EP1601626 – Cement-based paving blocks for photocatalytic paving for the abatement of urban pollutants.
WO2011045509 – EP2488279 – Use of a concrete-based element for the treatment of gases and volatile compounds.
WO2011095744 – Concrete element having a superhydrophobic surface.
WO2012020012 – EP2603471 – Concrete article comprising a surface with low...
Standards and norms
- Cement – Part 1: composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements. - NF EN 197-1 - 2012
- Concrete – Specification, performance, production and compliance – National supplement to standard NF EN 206. - NF EN 206/CN - 2014
- Photovoltaic elements in construction – Part 2: Building-integrated photovoltaic systems. - NF EN 50583-2 - 2016
- Technical ceramics — Test methods for the...
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ASCA (ARMOR) https://www.asca.com/cellule-solaire-souple-transparente/
CABOT Corporation https://www.cabotcorp.com/solutions/products-plus/activated-carbon
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