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ABSTRACT
The horizontal force produced by the air flow on the wind turbine blades generates an overturning moment at the mast base. The geotechnical foundation design of onshore wind turbines is based on the tilting criteria compliance. Controlling the sole peel-off results in requirements for the diameter, mass and anchoring depth depending on the load cases and buoyancy pressure. The type of foundation depends on the soil bearing capacity and its deformability.
The article presents the different possible foundation modes: superficial slab, with or without ground improvement, or deep foundations.
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Eric ANTOINET: Technical Manager Infrastructure - Antea Group, Olivet, France
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Maxime MARTHE: Head of Wind Turbine France - Antea Group, Lille, France
INTRODUCTION
Over the past twenty years, some 9,000 onshore wind turbines have been built in France, in 1,400 wind farms. New wind turbines are expected to be built at a rate of between 600 and 700 a year over the next few years.
This article deals with the geotechnical issues associated with the design and construction of foundations for horizontal-axis wind turbines (figure 1 in direction F HE ), located on land.
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KEYWORDS
geotechnical engineering | wind turbine | foundations | onshore wind turbine
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Soil mechanics and geotechnics
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Foundations for wind turbines on land
General information on onshore wind power in France
Bibliography
Websites
Fédération de l'Energie Eolienne (FEE) website
https://fee.asso.fr/pub/observatoire-de-leolien-2019/
Geological, hydrogeological and natural hazard information websites
Standards and norms
- "Wind turbines – Part 1: Design requirements" - Norme NF EN 61 400-1 - (3e édition)
- "Geotechnical engineering assignments – Classification and specifications", - Norme NF P 94 500 - de novembre 2013
- "Geotechnical calculations – Part 1: General rules " - Eurocode 7 (NF EN 1997) - de juin 2005
- Calcul des structures pour leur résistance aux séismes - Eurocode 8 (NF EN 1998) -
- Fondations...
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