Overview
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ABSTRACT
Fly ashes are coal combustion residues in thermal power plants. These products belong to different categories according to the operating modes of the plants which produce them and the techniques implemented for their collection. Fly ashes possess remarkable properties such as their pozzolanic and hydraulic activity which makes them attractive notably for construction and groundwork as binders or aggregates. Similarly, their fineness and form characteristics multiply the possibilities of usage. The significant amount of site experience feedback on the utilization of these industrial by-products are extremely instructive.
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Pierre ROSSI: Doctorate in geology. Geotechnical manager of the "Grands Travaux de Terrassement (Razel)" unit.
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Ludovic GAVOIS: Manager of Vinci's geotechnical department – Construction Terrassement
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Guy RAOUL: Engineer from the École spéciale des Travaux publics; former Director of GTM Construction - Currently Chairman of the French Earthworks Standardization Committee
INTRODUCTION
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Use of industrial by-products – Fly ash
Diversity of construction jobs
Bibliography
Guides and catalogs
Websites
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ADEME
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DRIRE
Events
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International Ash Utilization Symposium – Healths aspect of Coal Fly Ash.
The International Ash Utilization Symposium is held every 2 years. It is organized by the University of Kentucky Applied Energy Research Center and the U.S. Department of Energy.
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2nd "Earthworks in Europe" symposium
This 2nd...
Standards and norms
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French reference standards
- Exécution des terrassements. Classification des matériaux utilisables dans la construction des remblais et des couches de forme d'infrastructure routière. - NF P11-300 - Septembre 1992
- Exécution des terrassements Terminologie. - NF P11-301 - Décembre 1994
- Liants hydrauliques. Ciments courants. Compositions, spécifications et critères...
Regulations
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Extracts from legislative references
Article L. 511-1 of the French Environment Code. The provisions of this title apply to factories, workshops, warehouses, building sites and, in general, installations operated or owned by any natural or legal person, public or private, which may present dangers or inconveniences either for the convenience of the neighborhood, or for public...
Statistical and economic data
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Further reading
European Commission – Directorate-General for Energy and Transport.
Conventional energies – Coal and oil – EU imports of hard coal from third countries for power plants in 2000-2001.
Ministère de l'Économie, de l'Industrie et de l'Emploi, DGEMP, 24/06/2008.
Coal: main...
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