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1. Main reaction, catalysts and reagents
1.1 Main reaction
The most typical alkylation reaction is the addition of isobutane to butenes to give isooctane :
This is an exothermic reaction, which takes place at low temperatures (10 to 40°C) in the presence of acid catalysts.
Various hypotheses have been put forward to explain product formation. All are based on reactions mediated by...
The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
This article is included in
Unit operations. Chemical reaction engineering
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Main reaction, catalysts and reagents
Alkylation reaction diagram
Bibliography
Bibliography
Regulations
We refer the reader to the regulations on highly concentrated HF and H 2 SO 4 acids.
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Statistical and economic data
Alkylation developed mainly in North America, where demand for synthetic gasolines was much higher than in Europe. Of a total of 46 Mt in 1982, over 85% (39 Mt) was manufactured in North America. In 2008, North America still accounted for the majority of alkylation capacity, with 47 Mt, or 58% of worldwide capacity.
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