Overview
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ABSTRACT
The term “binder” means “glue,” and the adjective “hydrocarbonated” indicates a product containing carbon and hydrogen atoms. A hydocarbonated binder, thus, is an organic binder. This article is a review of binders more commonly called bitumens: crude bitumen, natural asphalt and petroleum bitumen. The composition of bitumen and the main characteristics of paving bitumens are reviewed: penetrability, ball and ring softening point, essential requirements, classification and specifications. Cutback and fluxed bitumens, bitumen emulsions, modified bitumens and special bitumens are also presented.
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Read the articleAUTHOR
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Bernard LOMBARDI: ENSCL engineer, BPG General Manager - Chairman of the BNPé Hydrocarbon Binder Standardization Committee
INTRODUCTION
A work by Léon Malo, dated June 1866, provides evidence that asphalt and natural bitumens played an important role in public works, without however being the subject of reference articles, with the exception of a few communications in the annals of Ponts et Chaussées or Mines.
The author states that, over the last thirty years, asphalt has taken its rightful place alongside lime and cement. Urban roadways can no longer do without it!
This plea in favor of mastic asphalt is very seductive, but reinforces what every bibliography points out, namely that this hydrocarbon material, known since ancient times, was used in limited quantities and, essentially, for waterproofing high-quality buildings and water reservoirs intended for human consumption.
The chapters that follow are intended to help the reader place hydrocarbon binders in time and space. These organic products have undoubtedly accompanied human development since the dawn of time and, given the current state of knowledge, there are sufficient reserves of "bitumen" for the next hundred years.
To push back this limit, bituminous materials will have to be systematically recycled. Recyclability is one of bitumen's great qualities.
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Hydrocarbon binders
Definition
References
Organizations
The bibliographical references relating to bitumens and bituminous binders are extremely numerous and cannot be grouped together in a single work. For this reason, readers are invited to consult the sites listed below:
• Oil Standards Bureau (BNPé)
• French Petroleum Institute (IFP)...
Standards
Specific standards are mentioned in the text. Here, the reader will find a summary of the specification standards and general test methods that apply upstream of the specific methods. The latter must be included in the specification standards which use them.
To keep the text as short as possible, the titles of the standards listed below have been kept to a strict minimum. As a general rule, only the...
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