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7. Bitumen emulsions
As previously mentioned, one way of significantly reducing bitumen viscosity at operating temperatures between 80°C and ambient is to emulsify the bitumen.
French standard T 73-000 defines an emulsion as a heterogeneous system with two or more liquid phases, consisting of a continuous liquid phase and at least one second liquid phase dispersed in the first in the form of fine droplets.
The continuous phase is called the "dispersing phase" and the other the "dispersed phase".
It should be noted that the system is thermodynamically unstable. To ensure its stability, it is necessary to use a surfactant.
In the vast majority of bitumen emulsions, the dispersing phase is water containing part of the surfactant, and the dispersed phase is bitumen or bitumen...
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Bitumen emulsions
Modified bitumens
References
Organizations
The bibliographical references relating to bitumens and bituminous binders are extremely numerous and cannot be grouped together in a single work. For this reason, readers are invited to consult the sites listed below:
• Oil Standards Bureau (BNPé)
• French Petroleum Institute (IFP)...
Standards
Specific standards are mentioned in the text. Here, the reader will find a summary of the specification standards and general test methods that apply upstream of the specific methods. The latter must be included in the specification standards which use them.
To keep the text as short as possible, the titles of the standards listed below have been kept to a strict minimum. As a general rule, only the...
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