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1. Combustion systems
With the exception of recovery boilers, the combustion system is one of the most decisive elements of a boiler. In the furnace, the exchange surface, cross-section and shape must be adapted to the combustion system. The size of the radiative and convective surfaces downstream of the furnace also depends on the fuel and combustion system.
1.1 Fuels and combustion
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Combustion systems
Water/steam circulation types and calculations
Bibliography
Software tools
KED PPSD (boiler calculation) http:// www.ked.de
NOWA (water-steam circulation) http://www.iet.tuwien.ac.at
ASPEN PLUS® (thermal cycles, reactions) http:// www.aspentech.com
...Standards and norms
- Chaudières à tubes d'eau et installations auxiliaires - NF EN 12952 -
- Water-tube boilers and auxiliary systems – Part 15: Acceptance tests - NF EN 12952-15 - 01-04
- Performance Test Codes Fired Steam Generators - ASME PTC 4-2008 - 2008
- Code for Acceptance Tests on stationary steam generators of the power station type - BS 2885 - 1974
Regulations
Pressure Equipment Directive (European Parliament Directive 97/23/EC), transposed into French law by Decree No. 99-1046, on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning pressure equipment.
Decree of January 31, 2011 amending the decree of March 15, 2000 on the operation of pressure equipment
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Manufacturers – Suppliers – Distributors (non-exhaustive list)
Alfa Laval Aalborg A/S http://www.aalborgindustries.com
Alstom Power http://www.alstom.com
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