1. The importance of water in papermaking

The first step in papermaking is to suspend the cellulose fibers in water (figure 1 ). Water plays multiple roles in papermaking: hydraulically, it is first and foremost the medium in which fibrous elements and fillers can disperse into individual elements; secondly, it is the vehicle for raw materials throughout the papermaking circuits; and thirdly, it is a distributor of suspended matter when the diluted pulp arrives on the paper machine wire. The appearance, constitution and characteristics of the sheet depend on the flows, from arrival at the headbox to consolidation of the sheet.

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The importance of water in papermaking

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Developments in water management technologies for paper mills

Bibliography

(1) - VALLETTE (P.), DE CHOUDENS (C.) - Le bois, la pâte, le papier. - Livre CTP.
(2) - ZIPPEL (F.) - Water management in paper mills. - Livre.
(3) - MOLIN (C.),...

Websites

Guides for the implementation of self-monitoring and "Regular discharge monitoring". http://www.pays-de-la-loire.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/vade-mecum_autosurveillance_cle2c557f.pdf

Standards and norms

Water quality: determination of suspended solids – Glass fiber filtration method - NF EN 872 AFNOR -
Qualité de l'eau : détermination de la demande chimique en oxygène (DCO) - NF T 90-101 AFNOR -
Qualité de l'eau : détermination de la demande biologique en oxygène après 5 jours (DBO5) - NF EN 1899-1 AFNOR -
Water quality – Kjeldahl nitrogen determination – Method after selenium mineralization...