Article | REF: AM3153 V2

Chemical aging of polymers - Physico-Chemical Stabilization

Authors: Emmanuel RICHAUD, Jacques VERDU

Publication date: October 10, 2012, Review date: September 1, 2016

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ABSTRACT

This article is dedicated to the processes of stabilization aimed at slowing down the ageing of polymers. Two methods of stabilization are presented; that against anaerobic aging (UV, hydrolysis) and the other against oxidation. The main chemical mechanisms involved are recalled, and the main parameters describing the physical behavior of molecules. Together it allows for establishing a model adapted to predicting the life-span of an industrial polymer.

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AUTHORS

  • Emmanuel RICHAUD: Doctor Engineer - Senior Lecturer at the Mechanical and Materials Processes and Engineering Laboratory - Arts et métiers Paris Tech

  • Jacques VERDU: Professor Emeritus - Mechanical and materials engineering and processes laboratory - Arts et métiers Paris Tech

 INTRODUCTION

The first two dossiers dealt with ageing phenomena on a macroscopic scale, their interpretation on a macromolecular scale [AM 3 151] and the mechanisms involved on a molecular scale, with their kinetic modelling enabling lifetimes to be predicted in a non-empirical way [AM 3 152] . As it happens, most widely distributed polymer materials are relatively unstable in the presence of radiation, environmental agents such as oxygen or water, and degrade too quickly to be able to retain their functional properties for a sufficiently long time for the industrial applications they are intended for. Stabilizers are therefore added to slow down degradation processes during processing and subsequent use. It should be noted that the industrial use of these polymers has only become possible with the use of these molecules . When a part is being developed, several formulations of stabilized polymers are generally subjected to accelerated aging in the laboratory, and the best is selected - an empirical approach that is costly in terms of time, human resources and equipment. The purpose of this dossier is to review the mechanisms of action of the main additive families, so that formulators can better understand the results obtained in the laboratory and any discrepancies observed with natural aging. It also shows how the models presented in [AM 3 152] can be supplemented to provide a non-empirical tool for predicting the lifetime of a stabilized polymer through kinetic modeling.

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KEYWORDS

antioxidants   |     |     |   stabilization   |   physico-chemistry   |  


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Chemical aging of polymers