Article | REF: J2300 V1

Whitening cosmetic ingredients. Origin, efficiency and risks

Authors: Xavier FERNANDEZ, Thomas MICHEL, Stéphane AZOULAY

Publication date: June 10, 2015

You do not have access to this resource.
Click here to request your free trial access!

Already subscribed? Log in!


Français

1. Skin whitening

Since the 1980s, cosmetic products with whitening or lightening properties have been key products in the global cosmetics industry, due to their considerable volume and the different audiences they reach.

This "whitening" trend is thought to have originated in the United States in the 1960s, when the action of hydroquinone on black skin was discovered. Indeed, the skin of black rubber workers exposed to this chemical agent lightened over time. Whitening cosmetics were soon developed.

They are used in Western countries (Europe, North America) to combat pigmentation spots due to age (known as age spots), but also to various skin problems (excessive sun exposure, intensive use of UV lamps, pregnancy, acne or scars). These skin problems affect a wide range of people.

In African...

You do not have access to this resource.

Exclusive to subscribers. 97% yet to be discovered!

You do not have access to this resource.
Click here to request your free trial access!

Already subscribed? Log in!


The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference

A Comprehensive Knowledge Base, with over 1,200 authors and 100 scientific advisors
+ More than 10,000 articles and 1,000 how-to sheets, over 800 new or updated articles every year
From design to prototyping, right through to industrialization, the reference for securing the development of your industrial projects

This article is included in

Formulation

This offer includes:

Knowledge Base

Updated and enriched with articles validated by our scientific committees

Services

A set of exclusive tools to complement the resources

Practical Path

Operational and didactic, to guarantee the acquisition of transversal skills

Doc & Quiz

Interactive articles with quizzes, for constructive reading

Subscribe now!

Ongoing reading
Skin whitening