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ABSTRACT
This article deals with the history of steel manufacturing through the centuries as well as the nomenclatures that have been invented to designate them according to their mechanical and chemical properties. Steel is an essential element of the 21st century industry and is still very popular with manufacturers, as it is considered an essential material for many products and structures. Throughout the centuries, inventors have endeavored to make production methods more environmentally friendly and even to enhance the recycling process.
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Thibault FOURCADE: Engineer
INTRODUCTION
The history of steel dates back to ancient times, when humans discovered how to produce steel using forging and hammering techniques. Since then, steelmaking has evolved considerably, from the production of an impure metal from iron oxide in furnaces to the production of an extremely resistant and versatile material.
Today, steel is used in many sectors, such as construction, the food industry and aeronautics, and is considered an essential material for many products and structures. Recycling used steel is also playing an increasingly important role in steel production, as it is relatively easy to recover scrap and ferrous residues using magnets.
There are several steelmaking processes, but cast iron and electric steel are still the two main methods used. Recently, however, new processes such as the high-temperature die, the nitrogen process, the hydrogen process, the oxygen process and processes based on direct reduction have emerged and gained in popularity due to their energy and environmental efficiency.
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KEYWORDS
steel | application | nomenclature
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Steel fabrication and naming
Origin and history
Bibliography
Standards and norms
- Définit les exigences pour la fabrication, l'inspection et la labellisation des produits en acier et en aluminium utilisés dans la construction. - NF EN 1090 -
- Définit les exigences pour les aciers pour la construction métallique. - NF A 35-016 -
- Définit les exigences pour la conception et le calcul des structures en acier. - NF EN 1993-1-1 -
- Définit les exigences pour les aciers de construction...
Regulations
Law of January 3, 1977 on the quality of construction.
Decree of December 30, 1977 on the approval of construction products.
Patents
Patent FR2868471: "Process for manufacturing a stainless steel with a high nickel content and use of this steel".
Patent FR2796378: "Process for manufacturing a steel with high corrosion resistance and use of this steel".
Patent FR2837167: "Process for manufacturing a high fatigue strength steel and use of this steel".
Patent FR2858573: "Process for manufacturing...
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