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1. Operating principle
1.1 Definition of condensation refrigeration
Atmospheric refrigeration by condensation is a process used to remove the heat contained in a hot fluid from a cold sink, thus transforming the fluid from a vapor to a liquid state. The cold sink used in atmospheric refrigeration is the ambient air.
Condensing refrigeration can take place in direct contact, with the cold well exchanging directly with the fluid to be cooled by mixing. There is also condensation refrigeration with separate fluids, when the fluid to be cooled cannot be brought into contact with the cooling fluid, due to its pressure, nature, toxicity or environmental impact, for example.
It's important to note that atmospheric refrigeration...
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The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
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Operating principle
Bibliography
Standards and norms
Main national and international codes
ASME the American Society of Mechanical Engineer. Section VII – Division 1 – Appendix 13.
CODAP Code Français de Construction des Appareils à Pression.
BS (British Standard) English code.
AD-merkblatter German code.
UBC (Uniform Building Code) Code defining the loads to...
Regulations
European Directives (only applicable to air coolers installed within the European Community)
DM 89/392/EEC – Minimum requirements for the protection of persons
PED 97/23/CE – Pressure Elements Directive – Requirements for pressure vessels in relation to the risk they pose to persons
ATEX 94/9/CE & 99/92/CE – Directives for electrical equipment used...
Directory
Manufacturers – Suppliers – Distributors (non-exhaustive list)
GEA Batignolles Technologies Thermiques (France) http://www.btt-nantes.comhttp://www/geagroup.com
Balke Dürr (Germany) http://www.balcke-duerr.de
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The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference