4. Size measurement by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
4.1 Principle of SEM measurement
In Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), a focused electron beam "illuminates" the sample locally and scans its surface line by line . The interaction between the incident beam and the atoms making up the sample produces several types of signal: secondary electrons, backscattered electrons, Auger electrons or X-rays. Different types of detectors can then be used to collect the various signals emitted by the sample during scanning. Numerous imaging modes can be used in scanning electron microscopy, depending on the...
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Size measurement by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
Bibliography
Standards and norms
National standards
- Nanotechnologies – Vocabulary – Part 1: core terms. - XP CEN ISO/TS 80004-1 - 2015
- Nanotechnologies – Guidelines for the physico-chemical characterization of manufactured nano-objects in toxicological tests. - ISO/TR 13014 - 2012
- Rectificatif technique 1 à la norme ISO/TR 13014 de mai 2012. - ISO/TR 13014/AC1 -...
International standards
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