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1. A few definitions
Welding is a practice that has been in use since the earliest days of metalworking. In fact, metallurgical expertise carried out on archaeological metal objects dating from before our era shows the execution of welds in the current sense of the term, i.e. the assembly of several elementary parts executed separately, with the aim of creating a macroscopic, finished object, complex in form and/or nature, whose different parts have been united on an atomic scale. Today, such welds are only used by skilled blacksmiths. This joining technique, which unambiguously meets today's definition of welding, remained the only one really practised until the end of the 19th century, i.e. until the discovery of acetylene and the oxyacetylene flashlight, although there were a few attempts to use electrical processes in the 19th century (resistance...
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Material processing - Assembly
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A few definitions
Welding processes
Bibliography
Websites
French Association for Standardization, Afnor http://www.afnor.org
Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité pour la Prévention des Accidents du Travail et des Maladies Professionnelles, INRS http://www.inrs.fr
Standards and norms
- Welding and related techniques – Process nomenclature and numbering - NF EN ISO 4063 - 02-11
- Soudage et techniques connexes : définitions des procédés de soudage des métaux - NF EN 14610 - 06-05
- Welding and related techniques – Welding positions - NF EN ISO 6947 - 08-11
- Vêtements de protection utilisés pendant le soudage et les techniques connexes - NF EN ISO 11611 - 04-08
- Personal eye...
Regulations
Recommendation R443 of the Comité technique national des industries de la métallurgie adopted November 13, 2008 – Electric arc welding and cutting – Occupational risk prevention.
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