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ABSTRACT
This article presents the process of manual arc welding to the coated electrode. The approach is the equipment necessary for this process to carry out a welding operation, the manufacture, the nature and the role of the coatings according to the envisaged industrial applications, the preparations of parts to put in place in order to obtain quality welds, nature and the causes of the defects that can be encountered with the use of this process, the dangers of this process and the rules to be put in place in the workshop to avoid them A link with the standards applicable in Europe is made for the different sections of the article.
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Read the articleAUTHOR
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Pascal PAILLARD: Professor at the University of Nantes, - Head of Welding Training at Polytech Nantes, - Research team leader, - ID2M at IMN (UMR 6502), - Nantes, France
INTRODUCTION
Flux-cored arc welding was developed in 1904 by a Swedish engineer named Oscar Kjellberg, who later founded the ESAB company. This process is designated by number 111 in the standard nomenclature NF EN ISO 4063 for welding processes. The French designation is Soudage à l'Arc à l'Électrode Enrobée (SAEE). In the USA, it is known as SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding), while in other English-speaking countries, it is known as MMA (Manual Metal Arc).
Although this welding process is exclusively manual, and therefore not the most productive, it is still widely used, thanks to its wide range of applications and ease of implementation. This is an arc welding process using a fusible electrode. This coated electrode is used to feed metal into the weld bead (metal core of the electrode), and the protection of the molten metal and weld bead is ensured by the coating, which creates more or less gas as it burns. Excess coating produces a slag that protects the weld bead as it cools. This welding process can be found in most fields of mechanically-welded assembly, ranging from DIY or handicraft to high-tech fields where high quality beads are required. This welding process can also be used for surface hardfacing to improve corrosion resistance (stainless steel hardfacing) or wear resistance (hardfacing).
The aim of this article is to describe the technology associated with this welding process in relation to its possible use in mechanically-welded assemblies.
At the end of the article, readers will find a glossary and a table of symbols used.
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KEYWORDS
electrical arc | welding process | shielded electrode
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Material processing - Assembly
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Shielded metal arc welding
Characteristics and uses of the coated electrode process
Standards and norms
- Welding consumables – Coated electrodes, filler wires, rods and cored wires for fusion welding of cast iron – Classification. - NF EN ISO 1071 - février 2016
- Welding consumables – Coated electrodes for manual arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys – Classification. - NF EN ISO 14172 - novembre 2015
- Description and qualification of a welding procedure for metallic materials – Welding procedure qualification...
Directory
Welding equipment manufacturers :
ESAB, http://www.esab.fr
FRONIUS, http://www.fronius.com
...
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