Article | REF: J2794 V2

Membrane filtration (RO, NF, UF, MF) Application to water treatment

Authors: Christel CAUSSERAND, Claire ALBASI, Hélène ROUX de BALMANN

Publication date: August 10, 2017

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1. General principle of membrane filtration

Membrane filtration is a physical separation process in the liquid phase. It is based on the principle of permeation through a permselective membrane. Depending on its intrinsic characteristics and the way it is used, this permselective membrane acts as a barrier, enabling (or promoting) certain material transfers and limiting others (figure 1 ). The driving forces for permeation through the membrane may be diffusion of one of the two phases (active transport), or pressure, concentration or electrical potential differentials (passive transport).

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General principle of membrane filtration