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2. Surface contamination
Controlling surface hygiene means adapting the design of the environment, the choice of coatings and the methods and frequency of contaminant elimination to the activities carried out in the environment in question. A distinction is made between open surfaces (partitions, ceilings, floors, furniture, equipment, etc.) and the closed surfaces of machines or equipment.
2.1 Mechanisms of surface contamination
Surfaces constitute a support that can receive and host both dirt and micro-organisms. When microorganisms come into contact with surfaces, either by sedimentation or by contact, they can adhere via physico-chemical interactions. These interactions depend on the physico-chemical surface properties of both the microorganisms and the coating. Surface roughness...
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Surface contamination
Water contamination
Bibliography
Standards and norms
- Cleanrooms and related controlled environments. Biocontamination control – Part 1: General principles and methods - NF EN ISO 14698-1 - 03-04
- Health care facilities – Controlled environment zones. Requirements for airborne contamination control - NF S90-351 - 04-13
- Indoor air – Part 16: Mould detection and enumeration – Filtration sampling - NF ISO 16000-16 - 2009
- Indoor air – Part 17: Mould detection...
Regulations
European Good Manufacturing Practice (EuGMP). Specific guideline: LD.1 Manufacture of sterile medicinal products
European Pharmacopoeia 0169. 8th edition. Specifications for water for injections
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