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ABSTRACT
The paper introduces the working principle of magnetic cooling, it hinges from a paper oriented towards magnetocaloric materials [k733] and one oriented towards cooling system [BE 9 830]. Based on thermodynamic analysis, it makes a strong link between materials and systems. This paper aims to understand advantages and limitations of magnetic cooling devices studied today.
After an introduction of the cooling context as well as its related energy consumption, magnetocaloric effect and magnetocaloric materials are described based on thermodynamic. Then, we explain how cooling is reached through thermodynamic cycle and how devices work.
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Morgan ALMANZA: Associate Professor, Université Paris-Saclay, École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire SATIE, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Martino LoBue: Research Director, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, SATIE Laboratory, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Afef Lebouc: Research Director, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Laboratoire G2Elab, F-38000 Grenoble, France
INTRODUCTION
Magnetocaloric or simply magnetic refrigeration is based on the magnetocaloric effect (MCE). MCE is a property present in all magnetic materials, corresponding to heating associated with magnetization and cooling following demagnetization, i.e. a reversible variation in temperature linked to a variation in the magnetic field under adiabatic conditions. It is around the magnetic phase transition temperature, such as ferromagnetic-paramagnetic, that the temperature variation is greatest. Materials where this effect is significant are called "magnetocaloric materials" (MMC).
Given the need for clean, efficient refrigeration technology, room-temperature magnetic refrigeration appears to be a breakthrough solution, making it possible to create systems that are more efficient, less polluting and easier to recycle, since they use solid refrigerants and essentially water as the heat transfer fluid. Although EMC has been known for over a century, research in this field only really got off the ground around 25 years ago, following the discovery of new materials with giant EMC around room temperature.
Historically, the TI article (Allab et al.), dating back some 20 years, presented itself as a global state of the art at the time on the emerging subject of magnetic refrigeration. Since then, and in view of the advances made in the various fields, more specific articles have been published in this collection, in particular
This article proposes a thermodynamic approach to understanding how the magnetocaloric effect is exploited to obtain a refrigeration effect. Thanks to this approach, it offers a transversal point of view between these articles. More specifically, this paper aims to convey to readers the principles, rather than a detailed description of materials and systems.
After an introduction to the national and global refrigeration context in §
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KEYWORDS
refrigeration | regeneration | thermodynamic cycles | magnetocaloric effect | actif magnetic regenerator
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Bibliography
Bibliography
- (1) - IEA - The Future of Cooling. - PDF téléchargeable à ce lien : https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/0bb45525-277f-4c9c-8d0c-9c0cb5e7d525/The_Future_of_Cooling.pdf ...
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