Article | REF: CHV4000 V2

Green solvents

Authors: Bruno ANDRIOLETTI, Jérémy CHAIGNON

Publication date: September 10, 2024

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ABSTRACT

Stimulated by increasingly restrictive regulatory pressure, research activities about the replacement of toxic (organic) solvents continue to experience sustained development. Many alternatives have been proposed but the experts have to face a dual chemical and economic reality. Indeed, it is necessary to find a replacement solvent that matches both the expected properties and the cost of implementing the replacement solution. After reminding some definitions and the major trends in the field of green solvents, this article addresses some substitution strategies, before reviewing the main solutions of substitution.

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AUTHORS

  • Bruno ANDRIOLETTI: University Professor - Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M) - UMR CNRS 5128) - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE, Villeurbanne, France

  • Jérémy CHAIGNON: Research Engineer - Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes and Materials (CP2M) - UMR CNRS 5128) - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE, Villeurbanne, France

 INTRODUCTION

The omnipresence of solvents (organic and aqueous) in specialty chemicals generates a considerable amount of waste and requires the development of extraction, recycling and reprocessing processes that are often costly and time-consuming. In addition, the introduction of increasingly stringent regulations is leading industry and academia to rethink the "solvent problem". This situation offers the skilled worker an opportunity to open up and evolve towards a more sustainable and environmentally-friendly chemistry, through the search for alternative processes or solvents.

While solvent-free approaches are now being considered and proposed, in most cases solvent substitution is essential. To this end, decision-making tools (Hansen-HSP method, COSMO-RS-type in silico approaches, not detailed in this article) have been developed, but the experimenter's expertise often remains a prerequisite.

Many alternatives are available on the market today, or are currently being developed. However, given the cost involved in changing a process, the choice of "THE" replacement solution is often crucial and difficult. Nevertheless, this notion of cost must be analyzed with discernment, and in particular compared with the real (and future) costs linked to the reprocessing and/or destruction of solvents (environmental impact) in current processes.

To help users make the right choices, we present an overview of the main alternative solutions, and discuss the relevance of each in both environmental and economic terms. The advantages and disadvantages of each approach are discussed.

A glossary of terms is provided at the end of the article.

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KEYWORDS

reglementation   |   green solvant   |   substitution

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