7. Conclusion
Numerical simulation therefore appears to be an effective tool for optimizing forming conditions in order to obtain a product with the most even thickness possible (or as close as possible to specifications).
The tricky problems lie at several levels:
knowledge of initial conditions (initial sheet and parison thickness distribution, temperature distribution). This requires integrating previous heating and extrusion operations into the modeling (with the problem of predicting parison swelling at the die exit);
definition of appropriate behavior laws and determination of their coefficients.
Eventually, modeling should make it possible to go further in at least two directions:
optimize the initial temperature...
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Conclusion
References
Tools
The following are the names of a number of simulation software packages, together with details of the companies or organizations that market and develop them.
BLOWUP
École des Mines de Paris, Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux (Cemef) – France http://www.cemef.cma.fr
BLOWVIEW
Jordan, Apostal,...
Directory
Organizations – Federations – Associations (non-exhaustive list)
AFICEP (French Association of Rubber and Polymer Engineers and Managers) http://www.aficep.com
AFNOR (Association Française de Normalisation) www.afnor.fr
ASTM International...
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