7. Chlorination

This chapter is credited to Fenart (soft drinks manufacturing course). Chlorination of water used in beverage production or for rinsing and washing equipment and containers can be carried out using chlorine gas or its derivatives, sodium hypochlorite or chloramines. Sodium hypochlorite (ClONa) –, the active ingredient in bleach –, is most often used.

Chlorides of lime (ClO) ₂ Ca, sometimes used, chloramines, formed directly in water by introducing ammonia before the chlorine; are very stable antiseptics that can remain in water for several days without harm:

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Chlorination

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Conclusion

Bibliography

CARON (P.) - Encyclopédie internationale du conditionnement des liquides. - CFC (1967).
L'emballage des denrées alimentaires de grande consommation. - Tec. & doc., Lavoisier (1989).

Websites

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• Liquids and packaging http://www.edition.spci.fr

• Magazine liquids http://www.interfaces-logistiques.com

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International Packaging Exhibition held annually in Paris https://www.all4pack.fr

Regulations

• Decree no. 78-166 of January 31, 1978 on the metrological control of certain prepackages, supplemented by the Orders of October 20, 1978 and February 25, 1980.

• Directive 2007/45/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of September 5, 2007 laying down rules on nominal quantities for pre-packed products, repealing Council Directives 75/106/EEC and 80/232/EEC, and amending Council Directive...