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1. Definitions and historical background
1.1 Consumerist model from America
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Vocabulary and economic diagram
The term "consumerism" only appeared in French vocabulary in the 1970s.
According to the Petit Robert, "consumerism" is a term imported from the United States in 1972 to designate "consumer protection by associations". The consumer, "a person who uses goods or wealth to satisfy his or her needs", existed, but synonyms such as "acheteur" or "client" were also used, lacking the special connotation of the term "consumer" today.
Why was consumerism so late in coming, when trade had already played a major role in our society for centuries? The reason is as much economic as sociological:...
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Definitions and historical background
Consumer players
Bibliography
Websites
Institut national de la consommation institutional website http://www.conso.net
60 millions de consommateurs magazine website of the Institut national de la consommation (French consumer institute) http://www.60millions-mag.com
Institut national...
Standards and norms
- Supplier-user relations – Product comparison tests – Basic principles - AFNOR NF X50-005 - 08-75
- Supplier-user relations – Comparative product test results - AFNOR NF X 50-006 NF X50-006 - 08-93
- Online consumer reviews – Principles and requirements for collecting, moderating and reporting online consumer reviews - AFNOR NF Z74-501 - 07-13
Regulations
Directive 2001/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of December 3, 2001 on general product safety
Right of reply in the press: the right of reply in the press is governed by article 13 of the law of July 29, 1881 on freedom of the press.
Right of reply on the Internet: the right of reply on the Internet is governed by article 6, IV...
Directory
French consumer associations approved by the public authorities to represent consumers in public consultation bodies and to take legal action (2016)
ADEIC – Association for consumer protection, education and information http://www.adeic.fr
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