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3. Cost and return on investment
Evaluating return on investment (ROI) accompanies major business decisions. Whatever form the ROI calculation takes, its purpose is to estimate how long it will take to recoup the money invested in a project. A number of factors are involved in this calculation:
tangible elements of immediate and recurring costs;
tangible gains (increased margins, new services);
intangible costs or gains (image, risk).
An ROI calculation is linked to the measurement of a gap between an existing situation and a target situation that we wish to achieve in terms of objectives. This implies detailed knowledge of the existing situation, as well as a fairly precise vision of the solutions that meet the needs expressed.
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Cost and return on investment
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Economic data
The French market for human identification techniques – or biometrics – broke down as follows in 2006 (source APS magazine):
fingerprint: 48% ;
facial morphology: 12% ;
palm imprint: 11% ;
iris: 9% ;
voice recognition: 6%.
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Bibliography
References
Standardization
- Technical prevention and deterrence in the fight against counterfeiting (protection of intellectual property rights) – Specification of a generic framework describing product authentication, traceability and control arrangements dedicated to anti-counterfeiting - AC Z60-100 - 02-06
- Quality management systems – Basic principles and vocabulary - ISO 9000 - 2005
- Management environnemental (série de normes) - ISO 14000...
Regulations
Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of January 28, 2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety, OJ L31, 1 er December 2002.
Directive 2002/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council...
Organizations
Association française de normalisation (Afnor) http://www.afnor.fr
Commission nationale de l'informatique et des libertés (CNIL) http://www.cnil.fr
EPCglobal http://www.epcglobalinc.org
...Manufacturers, designers
(non-exhaustive list)
ATT Advanced Track & Trace http://www.att-fr.com
Nano-H http://www.nano-h.com
Newtone http://www.newtone.fr
...
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