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Article | REF: W6601 V1

On-site sanitation

Authors: Hervé PHILIP, André RAMBAUD, Jean-Luc VASEL

Publication date: February 10, 2008

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1. Historical background

Since the 16th century, the technical development of non-collective systems in France can be divided into two periods:

  • 1533-1899: from latrines, toilets and cesspools to septic tanks;

  • 1902-1992: Slowly moving towards full-fledged off-grid sanitation, alongside off-grid systems.

Many new systems appeared during the second period, some of which are still in service. As part of the now compulsory inspection of non-collective sanitation systems (§ 2.2

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