7. Glossary

Adsorption; adsorption

Transfer of compounds in solution to the surface of a solid and solid-solute interactions.

Coagulation-flocculation; Coagulation – flocculation

Mechanism and process for physicochemical treatment to destabilize and aggregate particles or colloids and separate them from the aqueous phase by settling.

Diagramme de spéciation; Speciation diagram

Presence of metal species as a function of experimental conditions (pH, temperature, etc.).

Electrolysis; Electrolysis

Separation process recovery of ions in solution under the influence of an electric field used to extract the ions present in solution. Cations (positive ions) are directed towards the cathode (–) and anions (negative ions) towards the anode...

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Bibliography

(1) - MARTELL (A.E.), HANCOCK (R.D.) - Metal complexes in aqueous solutions. - J.P. Fackler, Eds, Plenum, New York (1996).
(2) - SMITH (R.M.), MARTELL (A.E.) - Critical stability constants. - Plenum Press, New York (1976)....

Standardization

Numerous international and French standards exist for specific assay methods by metallic element or analytical technique. They are constantly evolving, thanks to the development of recent techniques (mercury determination by atomic fluorescence spectrometry in 2002, application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in 2005) and the improvement of older ones (trace element determination by graphite furnace...

Standards and norms

Standards

AFNOR standards

Dosage de huit éléments métalliques (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, Pb) par spectrométrie d'absorption atomique dans la flamme - FD T90-112 - 1998
Water quality – Chromium determination – Atomic absorption spectrometry - NF EN 1233 - 1996
Water quality – Mercury determination – Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) with and without...