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ABSTRACT
The analysis of complex mixtures (environmental samples, petroleum products, natural extracts) in gas chromatography is very complex. Indeed, the gas chromatography (GC) on capillary columns does not always provide analysts with solutions. The two-dimensional chromatography techniques consist in separating the analytes on two different columns connected in series. It allows for achieving a high separation power in only one analysis . These techniques are divided into two main families i.e. the gas chromatography of drill core samples (GC-GC) and the comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GCxGC) which although complementary are often wrongly opposed to another.
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Xavier FERNANDEZ: Doctor of Science, HDR - Senior Lecturer - Director, Master 2 in Chemistry, Formulation, Analysis and Quality (FOQUAL) - Laboratoire de chimie des molécules bioactives et des arômes Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis - Nice Institute of Chemistry, UMR CNRS 6001
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Jean-Jacques FILIPPI: Doctor of Science - Senior Lecturer - Laboratoire de chimie des molécules bioactives et des arômes Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis - Nice Institute of Chemistry, UMR CNRS 6001
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Maud JEANVILLE: Regulatory Affairs Assistant Robertet SA
INTRODUCTION
The analysis of volatile or potentially volatile compounds is nowadays generally carried out by gas chromatography, mainly on capillary columns. Despite advances in this technique, the analysis of certain mixtures can still prove very delicate. These can be highly complex mixtures such as natural extracts, essential oils for example, petroleum products or even certain environmental extracts.
These extracts are often characterized by the presence of a large number of constituents, in varying concentrations. In such samples, co-elutions can be very numerous, complicating identification and quantification. As a result, it can be very difficult to obtain a mass spectrum that is sufficiently sharp to allow component identification. Even the parallel use of different types of column is not always satisfactory.
Two-dimensional chromatography techniques involve separating analytes on two different columns in series. In a single analysis, it is then possible to significantly increase separation power. These techniques fall into two main families: GC-GC and GCxGC.
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Two-dimensional gas chromatography: GC-GC and GCxGC
Introduction to two-dimensional gas chromatography
Bibliography
Websites
Chromedia: website dedicated to chromatography http://www.chromedia.org/chromedia (page consulted on December 8, 2010)
RIC: site dedicated to analytical sciences (training, equipment, expertise) http://www.richrom.com (page...
Events
Congress: International Symposium on Capillary Chromatography and GCxGC, annual conference in Riva del Garda http://www.ric.eu/riva/index.php
PITTCON, annual conference in Atlanta http://www.pittcon.org/
HTC, International Symposium on...
Directory
Manufacturers – Suppliers – Distributors (non-exhaustive list)
Two-dimensional heart-cutting chromatography systems, GC-GC
Agilent http://www.chem.agilent.com/ (page consulted on December 8, 2010)
Documentation –Training – Seminars
Thesis. TRAN (T.C.). – Characterization of crude oils and atmospheric organic compounds by using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography technique (GCxGC). RMIT University (2009). http://researchbank.rmit. edu.au/view/rmit:6118.
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