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1. Formation of growth rings
In a temperate climate marked by seasonality, trees produce an annual ring during the period of vegetative activity (April to September, in the northern hemisphere), by periclinal division of the cambial base located at the periphery of the organ, beneath the cortical tissue.
In conifers (gymnosperms), the ring consists of (figure 1 a and 1 b ):
a light initial wood (low density, with wide tracheids and thin walls) that forms in spring;
a darker final wood (higher density, with small, thick-walled tracheids) that forms in summer and early autumn.
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Formation of growth rings
Principles of dendrochronology
Bibliography
Digital media
International Tree-Ring DatabBase ITRDB: international database of reference chronologies used in dendroecology http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treering.html
Software tools
The Dendrochronology Program Library: free software suite dedicated to dendrochronological analysis http://www.ltrr.arizona.edu/pub/dpl/
Dendrochronology Program Library in R dpIR: set of r routines for standardizing dendrochronology data
Websites
ITRDB forum: world dendrochronology forum http://www.listserv.arizona.edu/archives/itrdbfor.html
GRISSNO MAYER (H.)'s personal website dedicated to dendrochronology http://www.web.utk.edu/~grissino
Events
WorldDendro: international dendrochronology symposium, held every four years (even-numbered years). http://www.dendro2014.com/
AmériDendro: international dendrochronology symposium organized by the tree-ring society, held every four years (odd-numbered years) on the American continent.
Directory
Organizations – Federations – Associations (non-exhaustive list)
Tree-ring society http://www.treeringsociety.org/
Laboratories – Design offices – Schools – Research centers (non-exhaustive list)
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