Français
4. Economic outlook for the rail system
4.1 Outlook for social and territorial change
A number of key social and regional trends are likely to have an impact on demand for rail for everyday journeys:
the continuing democratization of access to cars, which is increasing the proportion of multi-motorized households (several cars per household), which is not conducive to public transport;
the trend in cities towards low-density suburbanization, which runs counter to the attractiveness of a mass transit mode like rail;
changes in the labour market towards greater fragmentation, which reduces the proportion of home-to-work journeys on the traditional main routes to major urban or office centers, which is also unfavourable...
The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
This article is included in
Railway systems
This offer includes:
Knowledge Base
Updated and enriched with articles validated by our scientific committees
Services
A set of exclusive tools to complement the resources
Practical Path
Operational and didactic, to guarantee the acquisition of transversal skills
Doc & Quiz
Interactive articles with quizzes, for constructive reading
Economic outlook for the rail system
Conclusion
Bibliography
Regulations
German Climate Act: Key considerations of the ruling of the First Senate (of the Constitutional Court) of March 24, 2021 – 1 BvR 2656/18 – 1 BvR 78-20 – 1 BvR 288/20.
...European legislative framework for infrastructure charging
Directive 2012/34 after recast:
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/ ?uri=CELEX%3A02012L0034-20190101
The French climate and resilience :
Socio-economic evaluation standards
French Ministerial Framework Instruction :
https://www.ecologie.gouv.fr/evaluation-des-projets-transport
Heatco (European research) :
Some sources of statistics and data on rail and multimodal transport
European Union transport statistics booklet :
Statistical pocketbook...
The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
