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4. Battery ageing and reuse
It's important to remember that chemical recycling, i.e. the recovery of chemical elements, is only the final stage in the circular economy of batteries. This is based on the 4R rule (Reduce/Reuse/Recycle):
reduce: consume less or substitute one object with another that requires fewer resources;
reuse: take the object as is for the same purpose;
reuse: take parts of the object for another use;
recycle: recover what is valuable in the object.
4.1 Reuse and repurposing
Extending the life of a lithium battery between two recycling cycles can therefore be achieved by spreading its use over several jobs....
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Battery ageing and reuse
Pyrometallurgical treatment
Bibliography
Regulations
Decree no. 2015-849 of July 10, 2015 on the marketing of batteries and accumulators and the collection and treatment of their waste.
Décret n° 2009-1139 du 22 septembre 2009 transposant la directive européenne 2006/66/CE relative aux piles et accumulateurs ainsi que aux déchets de piles et d'accumulateurs.
The decree is codified in articles R. 543-124 to R. 543-134 of the French...
Patents
Method for preparing nickel and cobalt doped lithium manganate by using waste and old lithium ionic cell as raw material CN200810198972.
A Method of Recycling Valuable Metal from Waste and Old Lithium ion Battery. CN108987841A, 2018.
Method for recycling nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary anode material WO2014/154152A1.
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