Overview
FrançaisABSTRACT
Due to its unique qualities, glass is a material that is used extensively for strengthening purposes; it is particularly used to reinforce plastic. After an overview of the various types of glass (whether for general or special purposes), by analyzing their compositions and standards provided, this article proposes a study of the general and mechanical properties of fibers. Manufacturing processes are reviewed (composition and raw materials, fusion and development, fiber orientation and sizing, as well as finishing and recyclability). An industrial presentation of fiber reinforcements is also made, it develops textile strands; woven or non-woven, mats, chopped strands, milled fibers, etc... Finally, the use of a variety of finished products is reviewed.
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Anne BERTHEREAU: Glass Synergies Manager Owens Corning Vetrotex OCV
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Eric DALLIES: Marketing Manager Roving Direct Line Owens Corning Vetrotex OCV
INTRODUCTION
The term glass fibers refers both to fibers used as thermal insulation, which are well known because they are visible in many everyday applications, and to those used as reinforcements, the subject of this dossier, which are not very visible in their final applications because they are most often combined with organic matrices to form what are commonly known as composites. In view of the presentation and adaptation of reinforcement fibers to textile processing methods, French standardization has adopted the generic term verre textile to distinguish the latter.
The main application for glass fiber textiles is plastics reinforcement. However, over the last twenty years in particular, their field of application has expanded to include other matrices (cement, plaster, bitumen, etc.) and other uses. For this reason, whenever the opportunity arises (e.g. in the case of alkali-resistant glass for cement reinforcement), we provide additional information on textile glass fibers intended for these new matrices.
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Reinforcing glass fibers
Economic data
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Glass fiber textile markets in 2006
Europe and Middle East: 1,000 kt
North America: 700 kt
Asia – Pacific: 850 kt
Latin America: 160 kt
This market is split roughly 65% for thermosetting resin reinforcements and 35% for thermoplastic resins.
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Documentation sources
Text references
Standardization
International Organization for Standardization ISO
- Reinforcing fibers – Sampling method for incoming inspection. - ISO 1886 - 1995
- Textile glass – Determination of combustible content. - ISO 1887 - 1995
- Textile glass – Staple fibers and filaments – Determination of average diameter. - ISO 1888 - 1996
- Reinforcement wires – Linear mass determination. - ISO 1889 - 1997
- Reinforcement...
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