Overview
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ABSTRACT
Laser surface processing offers a wide range of options to modify the resistance of metal surfaces to aqueous corrosion. After a brief review of the lasers and laser-matter interaction, this article provides background information concerning the corrosion of these metallic materials. It then examines the physical principles of different treatments (surface treatment by laser-melting, alloy steel laser deposits, laser peening, or laser shock peening (LSP) or laser ablation). Likewise, the changes induced on the surfaces and their resistance to various forms of corrosion are also studied.
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Patrice PEYRE: CNRS Research Director - Groupe Procédés Laser – Laboratoire PIMM, UMR 8006 CNRS – Arts et Métiers Paris-Tech (Paris)
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Vincent VIGNAL: CNRS Research Director - ICB, UMR 6303 CNRS – University of Burgundy (Dijon)
INTRODUCTION
Over the past fifteen years, the development of new high-power laser sources and the reduction of production costs have encouraged the emergence of various material transformation processes to which lasers bring their flexibility and ease of use. Such is the case with diode and fiber lasers, which combine small size, competitive price and high power, making them compatible with most traditional laser applications (welding, cutting, direct manufacturing, micro-machining), including surface treatments. Laser surface processing of metallic materials can be carried out in a number of distinct interaction regimes, and with passage through different states of matter: solid, liquid, gas, plasma.
In what follows, we will review the surface functionalization possibilities offered by power lasers, focusing on improving resistance to aqueous corrosion, and presenting the physical principles of the various processes, the associated surface transformations and the final properties of parts in more or less aggressive environments. We will look more specifically at localized corrosion problems (intergranular corrosion, pitting corrosion, stress corrosion, exfoliative corrosion) for which lasers have most often been considered. Finally, we will distinguish the specific contribution of these processes according to the nature of the metal alloys treated, considering essentially three classes of passivatable materials: stainless steels, aluminum alloys and titanium alloys.
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KEYWORDS
transport | nuclear | corrosion of metals | laser processing
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Metal treatments
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Laser surface treatments and aqueous corrosion resistance
Bibliography
Websites
Technogenia website, SME specialized in laser WC deposits http://www.technogenia.com
Norms and standards (non-exhaustive list)
- Corrosion of metals and alloys – Key terms and definitions - ISO 8044 - 1999
- Corrosion of metals and alloys – Measurement of electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation using the double-loop method (derived from Cihal's method) - ISO 12732 - 2006
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