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8. Conclusion
This article does not claim to present an exhaustive panorama of all the industries successfully using chemical and electrolytic copper plating in acid media. Nevertheless, we have sought to highlight the fact that copper plating, which is easy to use by professionals, can produce coatings of choice for many applications, both technical and decorative. The performance of this type of coating should undoubtedly continue to drive its development.
In the new economy, customers in the electronics and connectors sectors are demanding ever-higher quality standards. This will encourage R&D laboratories to develop new processes to meet these demands, while ensuring compliance with safety and environmental standards, and the use of hazardous compounds, which will be increasingly controlled.
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Conclusion
Glossary
Bibliography
Websites
Legifrance
Ademe
Water Agency
Standards and norms
The AFNOR catalog can be consulted online: http://www.afnor.fr
- Standard Practice for Locating the Thinnest Spot in a Zinc (Galvanized) Coating on Iron or Steel Articles (http://www.astm.org/Standards/A239.htm). - ASTM A239 -
Regulations
Arrêté du 30 juin 2006 relatif aux installations de traitements de surfaces soumises à autorisation au titre de la rubrique 2565 de la nomenclature des installations classées – JORF n° 205 du 5 septembre 2006.
European RoHS Directive (2002/95/EC) – Restriction of use of certain Hazardous Substances in electrical and electronic equipment –
Patents
Post-treatment of copper on printed circuit boards, EP1097618 B1 (March 2003).
Organic solderability preservative compositions, US 005 85 8074A (July 1997).
Directory
European Copper Institute :
International Copper Association :
International Copper Study Group (ICSG):
...Statistical and economic data
Copper has a long history of use, and today it plays a key role in industrial development. Copper deposits are found all over the world, but the largest reserves are in China and the USA. The annual production capacities of the main mines (as of July 2014) are shown in table
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