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4. Molded tools
There is still regular production of cast tools with the same chemical composition as wrought grades. These products are of interest because of their economic advantages and the improved surface finish made possible by certain manufacturing processes (chill casting). High solidification speeds enable relatively fine skin structures to be obtained, with generally favorable orientations in relation to tool stresses. Segregation rates of alloying elements can be reduced by prolonged homogenization treatments at temperatures between 1,100 and 1,200°C, particularly in the case of hot tool steels with lower carbon content. For example, the segregation rates of alloying elements such as chromium and molybdenum can be reduced by 50% after 20 h at 1,150°C in the case of a relatively coarse equiaxed crystallization structure.
In the case of hot-work tool steels, and in particular...
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Molded tools
Ingot processing
Bibliography
Standardization
French Standards Agency (Afnor)
- Aciers à outils. - NF EN ISO 4957 - 05-00
- Steel designation systems – Part 1: symbolic designation. - NF EN 10027-1 - 11-05
- Steel designation systems – Part 2: digital systems. - NF EN 10027-2 - 11-92
- Steel products – Fracture determination of austenitic...
Organizations
Construire acier (ex OTUA)
French Mechanical Association (AFM)
Center technique des industries mécaniques (CETIM)
Suppliers (non-exhaustive list)
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Lists of suppliers can be obtained from the following trade associations (non-exhaustive lists).
Chamber of producers of fine and special steels (SPAS)
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