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2. As-cast structure
Most tool steels are produced using the traditional ingot die. However, new continuous casting processes are being developed, notably for 102Cr6 type steels (bearing steels used extensively in the transport industry) and certain cold and hot tool steels whose chemical compositions are similar to those of engineering steels (chromium steels, manganese-silicon steels, etc.).
The description of as-cast structures will focus on ingot casting, with a few additional indications in the case of continuous casting.
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As-cast structure
Structure refining
Bibliography
Standardization
French Standards Agency (Afnor)
- Aciers à outils. - NF EN ISO 4957 - 05-00
- Steel designation systems – Part 1: symbolic designation. - NF EN 10027-1 - 11-05
- Steel designation systems – Part 2: digital systems. - NF EN 10027-2 - 11-92
- Steel products – Fracture determination of austenitic...
Organizations
Construire acier (ex OTUA)
French Mechanical Association (AFM)
Center technique des industries mécaniques (CETIM)
Suppliers (non-exhaustive list)
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Lists of suppliers can be obtained from the following trade associations (non-exhaustive lists).
Chamber of producers of fine and special steels (SPAS)
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