1. Gypsum-based materials and lightweighting

1.1 Gypsum

Gypsum, also known as plaster stone or alabaster, is a sedimentary rock formed by chemical precipitation from the evaporation of calcium salts dissolved in salt lakes or seawater. Precipitation of part of the evaporites, made up of calcium, magnesium and potassium chlorides and sulfates, is common in nature and forms large areas where gypsum is mined or quarried.

This mineral consists mainly of calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO ₄ (H ₂ O) ₂ ) and occurs in nature as various crystalline phases, of which selenite (with hexagonal crystals) and alabaster (polycrystalline formations) are the most common

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Gypsum-based materials and lightweighting

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Example of lightweight plaster made from recycled polymers

Bibliography

(1) - VILLANUEVA DOMINGUEZ (L.), GARCIAS SANTOS (A.) - Manual del yeso. - ATEDY 2001, Madrid (2001).
(2) - GAWLICKI (M.) - Gypsum – another approach. - Cement Wapno Beton, 13(75), p. 86-96 (2009).
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Websites

Buildex Inc. Haydite Expanded-Shale Lightweight Aggregate http://www.buildex.com/haydite.html (page consulted on September 10, 2011)

Standards and norms

Plasterboard – Definitions, requirements and test methods - NF EN 520 - 2009
Test methods for masonry mortars – Part 19: Determination of water vapor permeability of hardened plaster mortars - NF EN 1015-19/A1 - 2005
Testing methods for natural stone – Determination of real and apparent densities and open and total porosities - NF EN 1936 - 2007
Building materials and products – Hygrothermal properties...

Patents

ROMÁN ALEMA (B.), TORRES ZACARÍAS (P.). – Mortero de yeso con vermiculita expandida y aditivado, y procedimiento para su obtencion. Patent (Spain). ES2331043 B1 (2010).

WHINFIELD and DICKSON. – Improvements Relating to the Manufacture of Highly Polymeric Substances, British Patent 578,079,1941. Polymeric Linear Terephthalic Esters, U.S. Patent 2,465,319 (1949).

GUTIÉRREZ-GONZÁLEZ...