3. Clear water applications in paper mills

3.1 Power generation

Energy in paper mills is used in the form of steam and electricity.

Steam is mainly used for steam boxes, drying cylinders and starch cooking (figure 2 ). It can also be used to heat fibrous suspensions by direct injection. It is produced from condensate returning from the drying cylinders and from a clear water make-up to compensate for steam losses and boiler blowdown. The water required for steam production requires advanced treatment with softeners (filter and ion exchange resins) or demineralization chains (filter and reverse osmosis).

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Clear water applications in paper mills

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page Developments in water management technologies for paper mills

Regulations

Bibliography

(1) - VALLETTE (P.), DE CHOUDENS (C.) - Le bois, la pâte, le papier. - Livre CTP.
(2) - ZIPPEL (F.) - Water management in paper mills. - Livre.
(3) - MOLIN (C.),...

Websites

Guides for the implementation of self-monitoring and "Regular discharge monitoring". http://www.pays-de-la-loire.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/vade-mecum_autosurveillance_cle2c557f.pdf

Standards and norms

Water quality: determination of suspended solids – Glass fiber filtration method - NF EN 872 AFNOR -
Qualité de l'eau : détermination de la demande chimique en oxygène (DCO) - NF T 90-101 AFNOR -
Qualité de l'eau : détermination de la demande biologique en oxygène après 5 jours (DBO5) - NF EN 1899-1 AFNOR -
Water quality – Kjeldahl nitrogen determination – Method after selenium mineralization...