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7. Multichannel sound diffusion/distribution
7.1 Television
Broadcasting Dolby Prologic (Lt Rt) requires two channels. Since French analog television was monophonic, it could not be used. The arrival of the NICAM 728 system, and hence stereo, enabled its introduction. Countries where the sound component is frequency-modulated had stereo earlier and were able to broadcast Lt Rt.
In the MPEG-2 Transport Stream used for digital television broadcasting, multichannel sound can be encapsulated in different compression formats [ETSI TS 101 154] :
Dolby D (the algorithm is called AC3). The bit rate is 384 kbit/s for television broadcast, and can go up to 640 kbit/s (it's around 320 kbit/s on 35 mm film, and 448 kbit/s on DVD);
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Dolby...
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Multichannel sound diffusion/distribution
Distribution in a domestic environment
Bibliography
Standards and norms
- Standard for digital audio engineering – Serial transmission format for two-channel linearly represented digital audio data (Revision of AES3-1992, including subsequent amendments) + AES3-Am5-2008 + AES3-Am.6-2008 - AES3-2003 -
- Recommended Practice for Digital Audio Engineering – Serial Multichannel Audio Digital Interface (MADI) (Revision of AES10-1991) - AES10-2008 -
- Standard for digital audio engineering...
Directories
Manufacturers – Suppliers – Distributors (non-exhaustive list)
APT-X https://www.aptx.com/
Dolby https://www.dolby.com/
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