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2. Definitions
An earthquake translates on the surface into ground vibrations. It is caused by the fracturing of rock at depth. This fracturing is due to a large accumulation of energy that is released, creating faults, when the mechanical breaking point of the rock is reached.
The earth's surface is made up of a dozen large chunks. These are the tectonic plates. They fit together like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle to form the Earth's surface envelope. These plates move by a few centimetres a year. The movement of the plates in relation to each other creates local friction, forcing them to deform. They therefore accumulate energy until they suddenly rupture. This is the earthquake (CEA definition).
On the surface, abrupt ground movements can have amplitudes of several decimeters, strong accelerations sometimes exceeding 1 g (g being the acceleration of gravity)...
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Definitions
Globe structure
Standards and norms
- Dispositifs antisismiques - NF EN 15129 - Mai 2018
- Earthquake-resistant construction rules – Earthquake-resistant construction of single-family homes and similar buildings – Field of application – Design – Execution - NF P06-014 - Mars 1995
- Earthquake-resistant construction rules – PS rules applicable to buildings, known as PS 92 rules - DTU NF P06-013 - Décembre 1995
- Eurocode 8 – Designing structures...
Regulations
Code de la construction et de l'habitation (regulatory part) : Chapter 2 – Special provisions – Section 1. Special provisions relating to seismic risk prevention – Article R. 112-1
Environment Code: articles R. 563-1 to R. 563-8 on seismic risk prevention
Highway code: articles L. 122-1 and L. 151-1
Highway code: article L. 110-3
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