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10. A few other alternatives
10.1 Pyrolysis or thermolysis
This technique involves the thermal decomposition of dried sludge in the absence of oxygen (O 2 < 2% and at temperatures between 400 and 700°C). At the end of this process, a combustible gas is obtained as well as a solid residue (ash), also known as biochar. The recovered gas can be reused as an energy source, however, this requires additional facilities to harness the energy contained in these produced gases.
As for biochar, it can be used for soil improvement, since it contributes to enriching the soil's chemical, physical and biological characteristics, and promotes water retention in the soil.
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A few other alternatives
Phosphorus recovery problems
Bibliography
Websites
ADEME website – Pages about sewage sludge : http://www.ademe.fr/partenaires/boues/pages/chap14.htm
Sludge regulations
Source: Syndicat Mixte Recyclage Agricole du Haut-Rhin website – SMRA68 – consulted in March 2024
The spreading of organic waste products is...
Standards and norms
- Organic amendments – Composts containing materials of agronomic interest, derived from water treatment – Mandatory standard - NFU 44-095 -
- Fertilizer with mixed characteristics – Organic amendment-fertilizer – Composts containing materials of agronomic interest from water treatment with a P2O5 content equal to or greater than 3%. – Mandatory standard - NFU 44-295 -
- Organic amendments – Designations,...
Regulations
Order of 08/01/98 modified on 03/06/98 laying down technical requirements applicable to sludge spreading on agricultural land.
Decree of 09/09/97 modified on 19/01/06 relating to non-hazardous waste storage facilities: category D. According to Appendix II, sludge is authorized for burial in class II landfills if it contains at least 30% dry matter.
Decree of August 17, 1998,...
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