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4. Conditions for using materials as backfill
The GTR classification is used to define how materials are to be used as backfill, taking into account their water status at the time of extraction and the meteorological conditions that modify this status when the materials are laid.
It should be noted that the GTR applies to embankment heights of up to around 15 m. For high embankments , it is recommended that additional stability studies be carried out.
According to the GTR, different weather situations are designated by the signs ++, +, = and –. These symbols express the direction in which water content tends to vary according...
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Conditions for using materials as backfill
Conditions of use for subgrade materials
Bibliography
References
Calculation software
ALIZÉ – LCPC: software overview http//www.lcpc.fr/fr/produits/alize/doc/alize.pdf
Standardization
- Earthworks – Classification of materials for use in the construction of road infrastructure embankments and subgrades Classification number : P11-300 - NF P11-300 - 09-92
- Earthworks – Terminology Classification number : P11-301 - NF P11-301 - 12-94
- Soils: reconnaissance and testing – Platform load-bearing capacity – Part 1: Modulus under static plate loading (EV2) - NF P94-117-1 - 04-00
- Soils: reconnaissance...
Platform bearing capacity tests
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Module under static loading EV2
The test is defined by standard NF P94-117-1 published in April 2000 (see § Standardization in this "To find out more" section).
It involves two static loadings on a rigid 60 mm diameter plate. The EV2 modulus is determined using Boussinesq's formula:
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