Overview
FrançaisABSTRACT
Over the past few years demolition has witnessed a number of developments. The complexity of structures challenges simple destruction techniques. Indeed a pre-stressed concrete structure or a suspended steel-framed structure requires technical reflection on its method of demolition. The taking into account of security and the means of prevention is an undeniable progress in these changes. The present preoccupation with environmental issues, have led to talk of “deconstruction” to the detriment of the term demolition. The sorting of demolition materials is a reality dictated, as much by the absence or the prohibitive cost of outlets, by the concern of companies competing to make optimal use of resources in valuing the deconstruction materials The process of improvement has further to do in addressing the multitudes of materials encountered and their heterogeneity. In addition, the profession has gradually seen the experimental and intuitive know-how of deconstruction complemented by combining engineering and methods. Furthermore, the list of investigations into the harmfulness of materials being used currently in construction could well lengthen in the years to come.
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Jean-François MILLERON: ESTP engineer
INTRODUCTION
Over the past ten years, demolition has undergone a number of changes. First and foremost, the structures to be demolished have changed significantly: the natural stone buildings with wooden frames demolished in the 1970s and 1980s are gradually being replaced by metal and concrete structures, leading to different demolition processes.
Similarly, the complexity of the structures encountered calls into question simple felling techniques: a pre-stressed concrete structure or a suspended steel frame requires technical reflection on its strength during demolition. One of the undeniable benefits of these changes has been the inclusion of safety and preventive measures in the methods used. Man is not at the service of technique, but technique adapts to man, by integrating the notions of collective and individual protection and, beyond that, by defining the method around safety.
More recently, the emergence of environmental concerns has led to the term "deconstruction" being used instead of "demolition": the sorting of demolition materials is a reality dictated as much by the absence or prohibitive cost of outlets as by the concern of companies to contribute to an economy of natural resources by recycling deconstructed materials. However, given the multitude and heterogeneity of the materials encountered, there is still much room for improvement.
In addition, the profession of deconstructor has gradually seen its experimental and intuitive knowledge complemented by a reflection combining engineering and methods. In addition to its core business, the deconstruction industry is now expanding into new areas, such as cleaning up after renovation work, and dealing with the various pollutants generated by building materials such as asbestos and lead. But the list is not exhaustive, and current investigations into the harmfulness of building materials could well be extended in the years to come.
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Demolition
Also in our database
- FLORIO (F.), TERRIBLE (C.) , VINCENT (V.) - Déchets du Bâtiment et des Travaux Publics - (2006).
- COURREGES (P.) - L'amiante dans les bâtiments - (2002).
Miscellaneous works
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Standards and norms
- Amiante friable Qualification des entreprises Référentiel technique. - NF X46-010 -
- Amiante friable Qualification des entreprises Modalité d'attribution et de suivi des certificats de qualification. - NF X46-011 -
- Repérage des matériaux et produits contenant de l'amiante dans les immeubles bâtis. - NF X46-020 -
Regulations
Circular DRT 98/10 of November 5, 1998 Modalités d'application de la réglementation par les Inspections du Travail.
CNAM Recommendation R371 of March 21, 1995 concerning work or interventions on asbestos flocking or materials containing asbestos.
Order of September 15, 1988 on medical surveillance of workers exposed to lead and its compounds.
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