1. Articulated and braced frames

Figure 1 shows the type of flat frame in question, where stability against horizontal and asymmetrical gravitational actions is ensured either by a triangulated bracing (figure 1 -a), or by a sufficiently rigid portal frame (figure 1 -b).

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Articulated and braced frames

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Semi-continuous and braced frames

Bibliography

(1) - ARIBERT (J.-M.), BRAHAM (M.), LACHAL (A.). - Testing of simple joints and their characterization for structural analysis. - Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 60, p. 659-681, (2004).
(2) - The Steel Construction Institute (SCI) -...

Software tools

SISMEF – Software for simulating the mechanical behavior of composite structures (steel-concrete) subjected to heating. Validation report, CTICM (1998).
FINELG – Non linear finite element analysis program. User's Manual Version 9.0, Université de Liège and Bureau d'Études Greisch (2003).

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Websites

CTICM –

https://www.cticm.com
ArcelorMittal

http://www.constructalia.com

Standards and norms

- NF EN 1994-1-1 -
- NF EN 1994-1-1/NA -
- ENV 1994-1-1/DAN -
- NF EN 1993-1-1 -
- NF EN 1993-1-1/NA -
- ENV 1993-1-1 -
- NF EN1993-1-8 -
- NF EN 1993-1-8/NA -
- NF EN 1992-1-1 -
- NF EN 1992-1-1/NA -
- NF EN 10080 -
- NF EN 1998-1 -
- NF EN 1998-1/NA -
- NF EN 1998-3 -
...

Directory

Manufacturers

BAUDIN CHATEAUNEUF – Structural Steel Department –

http://www.baudinchateauneuf.com
EIFFAGE Construction Métallique

http://www.eiffagemetal.com
CASTEL and FROMAGET...